Functions of graphics

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 • First will discuss basic geometric shapes and base on that we will make a simple program where we will have a x and y axis and all the shapes in it.


1) Line Function

=> line function is used to draw a line by just giving 4 points.

syntax:

      void line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);

Where: 

       x1 : initial x-coordinate

       y1 : intial  y-coordinate

       x2 : end x-coordinate

       y2 : end y-coordinate


Example   : line(100, 100, 200, 200);

Explanation: A line would be drawn from point(100, 100) to point(200,200).


2) Rectangle Function

=> Rectangle function is used to draw a rectangle. 

=> Rectangle function is same as bar function already discussed in last post, only difference is in bar function we get only 3 lines in output, but in rectangle we get all the four lines.

=>Coordinates of left top and right bottom corner are required to draw the rectangle. left specifies the X-coordinate of top left corner, top specifies the Y-coordinate of top left corner, right specifies the X-coordinate of right bottom corner, bottom specifies the Y-coordinate of right bottom corner. 

Syntax:  void rectangle(int left, int top, int right, int bottom);


3) Circle function

 Syntax: void circle(int x, int y, int radius);

=>Circle function is used to draw a circle with center (x,y) and third parameter specifies the radius of the circle.

Example: circle(100,100,10);


4) ellipse function 

Syntax: void ellipse(int x, int y, int startangle, int endangle, int xradius, int yradius);

 where:

       (x,y):  are coordinates of center of the ellipse

       startangle:  is the starting angle

       endangle:    is the ending angle

       fifth and sixth parameters specifies the X and Y radius of the ellipse.

Example:  ellipse(100, 100, 0, 360, 50, 25);

Explanation: ellipse will be drawn with the center of 100(x) and 100(y) and it will start from 0 angle and will end at 360 degree i.e. will make a complete ellipse, if you want half ellipse then  give 180 degree as endangle.


5) getmaxx function

=> getmaxx function returns the maximum X coordinate for current graphics mode and driver.

 Syntax: int getmaxx();

 Example: max_x = getmaxx();

 Explanation: max_x will return here maximum x coordinate.


6) getmaxy function

=> getmaxy function returns the maximum Y coordinate for current graphics mode and driver.

Syntax: int getmaxy();

Example:max_y = getmaxy();

Explanation: max_y will return here maximum y coordinate.


🎨Program Link: program to draw a axis in middle of screen

👇 

https://github.com/Rinky6767/Computer-Graphics/blob/59a8d804718d23016a95bb97ec86a32dbe041565/Built%20in%20functions/getmaxx_getmaxy_line


Output: 



🎨Program Link: program for all basic shapes

👇 

https://github.com/Rinky6767/Computer-Graphics/blob/59a8d804718d23016a95bb97ec86a32dbe041565/Built%20in%20functions/rectange_circle_ellipse_line


Output:



Next will make a program were we will make a cave one by one with the help of delay function.

1)  Arc function

Syntax:  void arc(int x, int y, int startangle, int endangle, int radius);

where: 

(X, y): are coordinates of center of the arc

startangle specifies starting angle, endangle specifies the end angle 

last parameter specifies the radius of the arc.

=>arc function is same as ellipse function.

=>arc function can also be used to draw a circle but for that starting angle and end angle should be 0 and 360 respectively.


Example:  arc(100,100,0,135,50);

Explanation: (100, 100) are coordinates of center of arc, 0 is the starting angle, 135 is the end angle and radius of the arc is 50.


2)  Delay function

=>delay function is used to suspend execution of a program for a particular time.

Syntax: void delay(unsigned int);

Example: delay(1000);

Explanation: Here unsigned int is the number of milliseconds (remember 1 second = 1000 milliseconds). To use delay function in your program you should include the "dos.h" header file which is not a part of standard C library.


🎨Program Link: program for cave

👇 

https://github.com/Rinky6767/Computer-Graphics/blob/59a8d804718d23016a95bb97ec86a32dbe041565/Built%20in%20functions/arc-%20Cave


Output:



🎨Program Link: program for House

👇 
https://github.com/Rinky6767/Computer-Graphics/blob/3002621b003a4f8242b2b8e7dddfc93ef916300b/Built%20in%20functions/House

Output:


*You can leave a comment if you have doubt in it.


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